Oil-stove



A. MICLAUSH.

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED' JULY 2'. 1920.

Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

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OIL STOVE.

APPLlCATiON FILED JULY 2.1920.

Patented Apr. 19, 1921,

8 SHEETSSHEET 2.

A. MICLAUSH.

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2, I920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET A. MICLAUSH.

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2. 1920.

Patented Apr, 19, 1921.

8 SHEETSSHEET 5.

A. MICLAUSH.

- 0IL STOVE.

' 1920. 1,375,600. Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

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' 0 IL STOVE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 2, 1920- 1,375,600. Patented Apr; 19,1921.

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(m STOVE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 2,1920.

Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

8 SHEETS-SHEET Iii I I IYIII 'ALEXANDER MICLAUSH, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 19, 1921.

Application filed July 2, 1920. Serial No. 393,718.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALEXANDER MICLAUSH, a citizen of the United'States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

. The present invention relates to improvements in oil stoves.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved oil stove of this character in which kerosene or other low grade fuel may be used, and which will give off a maximum of heat with a minimum of the fuel consumed.

The invention further aims to provide a heater that will economize on fueland which is of such a construction that it may be placed in present types of stoves without alteration therein.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and in which similar reference symbols indicate corresponding parts in the several views:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an improved oil stove constructed in accordance with the present invention, and being shown inthe open position.

Fig. 2 is atop plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view, with parts shown in section, of the stove with the top closed.

Fig. 4 is a. longitudinal vertical sectional View through the stove;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken through the upper portion of the stove.

Fig. 6 is a similar view taken through the lower portion of the stove showing the air admission openings in registry. V

Fig. 7 is a similar View with the openings out of registry and the air cut-01f.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view of a valve in one position.

Fig. 9 is'a similar view of'the same in a cutofi position.

Fig. .10 is a view of a grid employed in conjunction with the stove.

F ig. 11 is an elevation of the stove with the top removed or swung down, showing the grid in place and a vessel thereon.

Fig. 12 is a view in elevation of the invenitlon as applied to a three burner stove; an

F1g.1i is a diagrammatic view showing the appllcatlon of the improved burner to various types of heating and cooking apparatus. Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 designates the base of the improved stove or burner which is made hollow in order to constitute a tank or reservoir for the fuel which may be kerosene, distillate, or other cheap petroleum product.

The filling neck 2 is provided for the base 1 1n which the oil may be poured; a cap 3 1s adapted to close the filling neck 2, and for-this purpose is provided with exterior screw threads screwing into the interior threads on the neck. Both the neck and cap are shouldered to receive therebetween a gasket 41 providing a tight joint to prevent the escape of the air which places the air in the base 1 under pressure.

The base may rest directly upon the supporting surface or it may be held at an elevation therefrom by the legs 5 shown in Fig. 3. These legs are secured as by the bolts 6 to an inverted cup-shaped plate 7. The lower ends of the legs 5 are curled, as indicated at 8, in order to form rounded feet for engaging the supporting surface. The plate 7 forms a shoulder 9 with the base 1, and the upper ends 10 of the legs 5 are ofi'set to lie about this shoulder 9 which reinforces the bolts 6 and assists to support the stove.

As shown more particularly in Fig. 4, the base isprovided with a second neck 11 interiorly screw threaded to receive the exterior threads formed near the outer end of a pump barrel 12. The head 13 on the barrel forms a shoulder, being the complement of a second shoulder 14L on the neck 11, there being a gasket 15 confined between the two shoulders to avoid the escape of the air.

Theouter extremity of the barrel 12 is threaded to receive a threaded and flanged cap 16 having an opening to admit air to the interior of the barrel, and to permit of the reciprocating movement of a plunger'rod 17 under manual action, a handle 18 being provided for this purpose. The lower end of the rod 17 is threaded to receive a nut 19 by which a cup-shaped washer 20 is clamped in place against a flange 21, also on the rod 17.

Thecup-shaped washer 20 is so formed that on upward movement it will allow air to be sucked around beneath the pump plunger, but will expand against the walls of the barrel 12 when the plunger is moved clownwardly. In the lower part of the barrel 12 a.

to the position just referred to, but allows it to move downwardly to permit the entrance of air from the pump into the reservoir. The air enters through a threaded plug 28 which is perforated for the purpose.

An outlet pipe 29 has its lower end disposed close to the bottom of the base 1 in order to receive all of the fuel from the tank. The outlet pipe descends through a tubular neck 30 having a packing gland 31 for preventing the escape of fuel or air. The upper end of the pipe 29 rises to a considerable height above the base and is threaded to be received into a threaded socket 32 on the valve casing 33.

A plug valve 34-is mounted in the lower part of thecasing 33 and is furnished with a handle 35 by which it may be turned to either of the three positions shown in Figs. 4, 8, and 9. The plug valve 34 is provided with a diametrically extending passage 36 which is adapted to convey'fuel to the needle valve 37, which is adjusted in the usual way by the hand wheel 38. The plug valve is also provided with a radial passage 39, communicating with the passage 36 and adapted, as shown in Fig. 8, to place the oil supply pipe 29 in communication with the generating nozzle 40. When in the position shown in Fig. 9 the fuel oil is cut off from both the burner and the generating pan, as will be apparent.

a cup 41 which distributes the same throughout the various fingers 42 comprising the generating pan which, in addition, includes a hub 43 by which all of the fingers 42 are joined together. The fingers 42 are sub stantially depressed troughs formed in the burner casing, which includes lower and upper plates 44 and 45, respectively. The upper plate is provided with perforations 46 to allow the flame to issue upwardly. Air tubes 47 are connected in any suitable manner between the plates 44 and 45 and serve to furnish the necessary supporting oxygen to the flame. There is also provided an annular opening 47* to allow 'air to ascend in a cylindrical sheet about the burner, such air being admitted from the liner through slots 49 between the fingers 49.

liner 50 of the lower section 51 of the fire pot. Bolts 52 are employed to hold this section 51 on the base 1.

Elongated perforations 53 are provided in the liner 50, such perforations being adapted to register with similarly formed ports 54 in the section 51. A handle 55 is connected to the liner 50 to permit a partial rotation thereof in order to bring the perforation 53 and ports 54 into and out of registry. Air is admitted to these two series of ports through elongated slots 56 provided in the stove casing 57.

The upper section 58 of the fire pot surrounds the burnerand is provided with a slot 59 to receive the coil 48 and the nozzle 40. The section 58 is also furnished with a depending flange 60, extending about the upper portion of the lower section 51, in order to center these sections and hold the same securely in place while at the same time allowing of the sections being quickly separated.

The upper edge of the top section 58 of the fire pot is formed of a crownv structure 61 for use when the top 62 is swung down or removed. The top 62 is hinged, as indicated at 63, at one side, while its other side is provided with a spring clip 64 adapted to engage a notch 65 in the casing 57. A bail or handle 66 is secured to the top 62 so as to fold down in the manner indicated in Fig. 3 when not in use. The bail 66 makes the stove portable.

A top plate 67. having perforations 68 through which the heat may escape is adapt ed to rest on the upper end of the cylindrical portion 62, and is provided with depending lugs 69 having inturned flanges 7 O. Bolts 71 pass downwardly through the plate 67 and through the flanges 70, and are provided to support a series of heating plates or units whichare herein shown to be three in number and are designated at 71, 72 and 73.

The lower ends of the bolts are threaded to receive nuts 74, washers 75 being preferably interposed between the same and the lowermost plate. The plates are all formed with lugs 76 in order to space the plates one above another, thus producing chambers 77 between the plates in which the hot gases may commingle and circulate in contact with the surfaces of the plates in order to heat the same. 7

The plates are further provided with perforations 78 which are frusto-conical in ver- ElCiIl section and are preferably of reduced diameter so that the perforations in the period after the fire has been ertinguished- To allow a goodcirculation of an about thestove openings 79 are provided in the cylindrical wall of the top 62. V

Referring more particularly to Fig. 10, a grid is here shown as composed of an an.- nularbase 80 having fingers 81-radiating from a hub 82 and finding a support on the part 80. This rid is particularly useful, as indicated in Fig. 11, when the top part of the stove is swung down or removed. Here the fingers 81 rest directly on the upper end of the top section 58 of the fire pot, while the ring 80 embraces the crown 61. The grid thus forms a convenient support for a receptacle or container 83, in which water or other liquid may be heated.

In Fig. 12 I have shown the invention as applied to a three burner stove 84 of a genmon fuel tank 85'is provided to supply the three separate burners. The fuel tank is of a cylindrical construction, being held in place by the metallic strips 86, it having a filling neck and a pump asheretofore described, and provided with similar numbers. The outlet pipe communicates with a main 87 which supplies each of the burners. In this case no base is required inasmuch as the separate tank 85 forms a common means for holding the fuel. Also the tops may be dispensed with, the cookingutensils being placed directly over the burners.

In Fig. 13 I have shown a main tank 88 having an external pump 89 by which the fuel therein may be kept under pressure, and provided with a gage 90 for indicating the amount of fuel. This tank has an outlet pipe 91 furnishing the fuel to a number of heating-and cooking burners, all constructed substantially as heretofore described. A supply pipe 92 is shown as passing to a pair of burners located in an open fireplace 93 and having a hood 94 for directing the heat generated by the burners outwardly into the room in which the fireplace is situ ated. A second supply pipe 93' passes to a burner over which is suspended a water heating coil 94' inclosed in a heat-catching hood 95 having a flue 96; the coil 94 is shown as included in circuit with a boiler 97 in which the hot water is circulated. A rotary baking apparatus 98 is shown as hav- These plates are formed prefering a number of burners placed beneath the same having their source of supply of fuel from the pipe 99.

A supply pipe 100 carries fuel to a burner beneath a hot water heating apparatus 101.

In a similar manner a supply pipe 102 supplies a stove heater 103 and also the burners of a cooking stove 104 having both upper burners and lower burners, which latter are used for roasting purposes.

In the operation of the invention suitable oil is poured into the tank 1 through the filling neck 2 and is made to rise to the desired height, for instance shown in Fig. 4, leaving a space above the surface thereof for the-accumulation of air under pressure which is forced into the tank by reciprocating the air pump. The pressure may be from time to time maintained to a desired degree by the repeated action of this pump.

The pressure thus created in the tank 1 acts to force the oil upwardly through the outlet pipe 29 and initially through the plug valve 34, which is turned to the position shown in Fig.8. The passages 39 and 36 thus allow the ascending oil to enter the nozzle 40 from which it drips into the cup 41 and circulates about in the various arms 42 ofthe generating pan.

After sufficient oil has accumulated in the generating pan for starting purposes, the plug valve 34 is turned to the position shown inFig. 4 and a match is applied to the oil previously poured in the generating pan. Th igniting of this oil will cause the flame to envelop the coil 48 which receives fuel oil under the control of the needle valve 37. The coil 48 thus forms an overlying retort acted on by the flame from the burner to vaporize the oil'prior to its delivery to such burner. It will therefore issue through the openings 46 in the upper burner plate 45 in a vaporized form in readiness to be ignited and to combine intimately with the air rising through the tubes 47 and slots 47 The supply of air to the tubes 47 and slots 47 a is controlled by the position of the liner 50, which may be shifted by means of the handle 55. This shifting of the liner 50 causes the ports 53 and 54 to be adjusted rel atively so that more or less air may be admitted, as required. A large quantity of air is allowed to pass up in the space through the openings D into the space above the burner. This air passes up through the openings in the plates and receives the heat which is circulated'out through the stove. The air that enters through the fire pot and liner acts to regulate the burner and the de gree of heat.

The flame rising from the burner and after enveloping the coil or retort 48, ascends beneath the lowermost plate 73 and rises through the openings 78 therein. The prod nets of combustion thereafter enter the so that they may seek the openings in the,

intermediate plate 72. The products fur- F ther ascend into the uppermostchamber 77 between the upper and intermediate plates, and thence pass out through the openings in the upper plate 71. The products are therefore caused to take a tortuous or zigzag passage through the plates 71, 72 and 73, which results in the heating to a high degree of these plates.

As previously stated, such plates are of a refractory material, possessing the property of retaining heat for a long time and giving the same ofi slowly.

After their circulation through the parts of the stove the heated products pass through the openings 68 in the top plates 67 and through the perforations 79 in the side of the cylindrical top portion 62. The stove may be carried about by use of the handle 66, and for this reason will be found convenient for many uses. 1

By disengaging the catch64: the top portion 62 maybe swung over about its hinge 63 to permit the stove to be used for cooking purposes, and in this case a grid, such as shown -in Fig. 10, may be placed directly on the crown of the top section 58 of the fire pot. This use is illustrated in Fig. 11.

V The burner may be put to various other uses, as described in connection with Figs. 12 and 13, and is well adapted both for cooking and heating purposes.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction and arrangements of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention, and therefore I do not wish to be limited to such features except as may be required by the claims.

I claim: r

1. An improved oil stove comprising a "stove casing having air admission openings,

a fire pot within the casing also having air ports, a partially rotatable liner within the fire pot also having ports adapted to regis ter with the ports of the fire pot, a burner supported within the fire pot and having air passages therethrough, and means for supplying said burner with fuel, substantially as described.

2. An improved oil stove comprising a stove casing having air admission openings, a fire pot within the casing also having air ports, a partially rotatable liner within the fire pot having ports adapted to register with the ports of the fire pot, a burner supported on the liner in the fire pot and having air passages therethrough, means for supplying the burner with fuel, and means for controlling the passage of fuel through said last mentioned means, substantially as described.

3. An improved oil stove comprising a stove casing having air admission openings, a fire pot therein having air receiving ports, a movable liner in the fire pot also having ports adapted to register with the ports of the fire pot, said liner having fingers at its upper end curved'inwardly, a burner supported on said fingers in the firepot and provided with air passages, and means for supplying said. burner with fuel, substantially as described.

4;. An improved oil stove comprisinga stove casing having air admission openings in its lower portion, a fire pot supported within the casing and having air ports in its lower part adjacent said air admission openings, a partially rotatable liner within the lower part of said fire pot having air ports adapted to register with the ports of said fire pot, means to turn said linerand to limit its turning movement, the upper portion of said liner being disposed to provide a support, a burner held on thesupport, and means for supplying oil in controlled quantities to said burner, said burner .having air passages, substantially as. described.

.5. An improved oil stove comprising a base providing a container for fuel oil,

means to create a pressure in said base, av

stove casingon the base having air admission openings, a fire pot within the base composed of lower and upper separable sections, the lower section having air ports therein, a partially rotatable liner within the fire pot also having ports adapted to register with the ports of the liner, a burner supported on the liner in the fire pot and having air tubes passing therethrough, means for conveying the oil from the container to the burner, means for controlling the passage of oil through said last mentioned means, and heat retaining means above the burner, substantially as described.

6. An improved oil stove comprising a base adapted to contain fuel oil, means to create pressure therein, a stove casing above the base having air admission openings in the lower portion thereof, a fire pot within said casing also having air ports therein, a partially rotatable liner fitted within the lowerportion of said fire pot and having air ports adapted to register with the last mentioned air ports, fingers on the upper end of said liner, means to rotate said liner, a burner supported on said fingers and having air tubes passing therethrou'gh, and means to supply the fuel in controlled quantities to said burner, substantially as described.

7. An oil stove comprising a container for fuel oil, means to create pressure therein, a stove casing above the same having air intake openings at the lower portion thereof, a fire pot within the casing having ports therein, a liner within the fire pot also having air ports therein adapted to register with the ports in the fire pot, means to partially rotate the liner, upwardly and inwardly curved fingers on the upper end of said liner, a burner seated on the fingers, and means to supply fuel oil to the burner in controlled quantities, substantially as described.

8. An oil stove comprising a container for fuel oil, means to create pressure therein, a stove casing on the container having air admission openings, a fire pot within the. casing having air ports, a liner within the fire pot having ports adapted to register with the last mentioned ports, a burner held on the liner and composed of a pair of spaced apart plates providing a hollow chamber beneath the same, the upper plate having perforations therein, tubes fitted in said plates and adapted to convey air to the area just above the upper plate, and means to supply the fuel oil in controlled quantities to the interior of said burner, substantially as described.

9. An oil stove comprising a stove casing, a fire pot within the casing, means to admit air in controlled quantities to the interior of said fire pot, a burner supported within said fire pot and composed of a pair of upper and lower plates providing a chamber between the same, said upper plate having openings therein, 'air passages extending through said burner, the upper plate having depressions made therein, said depressions joining with a central hub to provide a gen erating pan, a cup above one portion of said pan, a nozzle above the cup, means to supply oil in controlled quantities to said nozzle, and means for supplying oil in controlled quantities to the interior of the burner, substantially as described.

10. An oil stove comprising a container for fuel oil, means for creating pressure therein, a stove casing on the container, 9.

fire pot within the casing, means to admit air in controlled quantities to the interior of said fire pot, a burner supported substantially midway of the height of the fire pot and composed of a pair of upper and lower separate plates leaving a chamber between the same, said upper plate having openings therein, air tubes passing through said plates, depressions made radially in the upper portion of said burner, said depressions joining with a central hub to provide a generating pan, a cup above one portion of said pan, a nozzle above the cup in communication with the oil in said container, means for regulating the discharge of oil through said nozzle, and means for supplying oil in controlled quantities to the interior of the burner, substantially as described.

11. A stove of the character described comprising a container for fuel, means for placing the same under pressure, a stove "casing supported on said container, a fire pot resting within the casing and having a crown portion extended above the plane of the top of the casing, a burner situated within the fire pot, means for delivering air in controlled quantities to the interior of the fire pot beneath the burner, said burner having air passages therethrough, means for conveying oil in controlled quantities from the container to the interior of said burner, a top portion for the stove casing removably mounted on the upper portion thereof, heat retaining means carried by said top portion, and means adapted to rest upon the upwardly projecting crown portion of the fire pot when the top portion of the stove casing is removed to hold articles thereof, substantially as described.

ALEXANDER MICLAUSH.

Witnesses:

J. F. MoKnN u, VISALON DARR. 

